第1400閱讀理解 附答案
CET-4 No one knows when the first calendar was developed. But it seems possible that it was based on lunar months. When people started farming, the sages of the tribes became very important, they studied the sky and gathered enough information to be able to predict when the seasons would change, and were able to announce when it was time to plant crops. The divisions of time we use today were developed in ancient Babylonia 4,000 years ago.Babylonian astronomers believed the sun moved around the Earth every 365 days.They divided the trip into 12 equal parts, each with 30 days. Then they divided each day into 24 equal parts, or hours, and divided each hour into 60 minutes, each minute into 60 seconds. Humans have used many devices to measure time; the sundial (日晷) was one of the earliest and simplest. However, the sundial worked well only when the weather was fine, so other ways of measuring the passing of time were invented. One device was the hourglass(沙漏). By the eighteenth century, people had developed mechanical clocks and watches. So we have devices to mark the passing of time, but what time is it now? Clocks in different parts of the world do not show the same time at the same time, because time on Earth is set by the sun’s positions in the sky above us. As international communications and travel grew, it became clear that a way to establish a common time for all parts of the world was needed. In 1884, an international conference divided the world into 24 time zones, each zone represents one hour. The astronomical observatory in Greenwich, England, was chosen as the starting point for the time zones. Twelve zones are west of Greenwich. Twelve are east. The time at Greenwich measured by the sun is considered by astronomers to be Universal Time, also known as Greenwich Mean Time. 1. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?
A) The Development of Universal Time.
B) Different Ways to Measure Time.
C) Why We Measure Time the Way We do.
D) How the Calendar Came into being. 2. What does the example of Babylonia astronomers reveal?
A) It reveals Babylonians’wisdom that was absent elsewhere.
B) It reveals the origin of our time measurements.
C) It reveals the limits of some time measurements.
D) It reveals the stability of time measurements. 3. The author mentions all of the following ways to measure time EXCEPT .
A) sundial B) hourglass C) electric clock D) mechanical clock 4. According to the passage, Greenwich Mean Time __________.
A) provides a common time for all parts of the world
B) is calculated from the sun
C) is the 12th of the 24 time zones
D) was named after an international conference 5. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?
A) Time measurements have changed in response to need and technological development.
B) In ancient Babylonia, 12 was the basic division of time.
C) The first calendar was developed because the sages of tribes were intelligent.
D) Universal Time is so named because it is applicable throughout the universe.
1. C 主旨題本文共三段。第一段講日歷起源之因;第二段講作為現(xiàn)代時(shí)間概念的基礎(chǔ),古巴比倫如何劃分年月日時(shí)分秒;第三段提及先后出現(xiàn)的測(cè)量時(shí)間的各種工具,并講述“世界時(shí)”如何順應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展而產(chǎn)生。A),B)和D)項(xiàng)都只概括了本文的部分內(nèi)容,只有C)項(xiàng)是對(duì)全文的總結(jié)。 2. B 綜合判斷題C)項(xiàng)在文章中沒有提及,D)項(xiàng)不正確。本文的主題是計(jì)時(shí)方式的發(fā)展,并未強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)民族智慧過(guò)人,A)項(xiàng)也不正確。 3. C 細(xì)節(jié)題根據(jù)題干可定位于第三段前半部分,答案是C。 4. B 細(xì)節(jié)題解題依據(jù)是“The time at Greenwich measured by the sun is…”。不過(guò)考生不一定留意了這個(gè)后置定語(yǔ)。相反,受“Twelve zones are west of Greenwich. Twelve are east.”的影響,可能會(huì)誤選C)項(xiàng)。其實(shí),這里是24個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)的“the starting point”,也就是第一個(gè)時(shí)區(qū)。 5. A 綜合判斷題C)項(xiàng)提到的日歷出現(xiàn)就是其中一個(gè)例證,第三段還提到sundial, hourglass, mechanical clocks and watches和Greenwich Mean Time的出現(xiàn),這都是隨著人類社會(huì)發(fā)展的需要出現(xiàn)的。C)項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在將日歷出現(xiàn)歸因于一小部分人的高智商,真正的原因其實(shí)是“When people started farming…”。此外,Universal Time并非全宇宙通用,它只適用于全球24個(gè)時(shí)區(qū),故D)項(xiàng)也不正確。
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